1. Mars’ red color is due to iron
oxide, also known as rust, and has the consistency of talcum powder. Literally,
the metallic rocks on Mars are rusting.
2. The atmosphere (mostly made up of
carbon dioxide) on Mars is so thin that water cannot exist in liquid form—it
can exist only as water vapor or ice. Liquid water is considered for many
scientists to be the “holy grail” of Mars.
3. No human could survive the low pressure of Mars. If you went to Mars without an appropriate space suit, the oxygen in your blood would literally turn into bubbles, causing immediate death.
4. If you were driving 60 mph in a car,
it would take 271 years and 221 days to get to Mars from Earth.
5. Mars lacks an ozone layer;
therefore, the surface of Mars is bathed in a lethal dose of radiation every
time the sun rises.
6. Mars contains the largest labyrinth
of intersecting canyons in the solar system called the Noctis Labyrinthus
(“labyrinth of the night”).
7. Mars has the largest and most
violent dust storms in our entire solar system. These storms often have winds
topping 125 mph, can last for weeks, and can cover the entire planet. They
usually occur when Mars is closest to the sun.
8. Only 1/3 of spacecrafts sent to Mars
have been successful, leading some scientists to wonder if there is a Martian
“Bermuda triangle” or a “Great Galactic Ghoul” that likes to eat spacecraft.
9. In 1976, Viking I photographed a
mesa on Mars that had the appearance of a human face. Many individuals and
organizations interested in extraterrestrial life argued that intelligent
beings created the “Face.” Though the Mars Global Surveyor (1997-2006) revealed
that the “Face” was likely an optical illusion, believers in the “Face” charged
NASA with stripping data from the new image before it was released to the
public.
11. The original abbreviation of the
National Socialist Party was Nasos. The word “Nazi” derives from a Bavarian
word that means “simple minded” and was first used as a term of derision by
journalist Konrad Heiden (1901-1966).
12. The swastika is an ancient religious
symbol. It derives from the Sanskrit name for a hooked cross, which was used by
ancient civilizations as a symbol of fertility and good fortune. It has been
found in the ruins of Greece, Egypt, China, India, and Hindu temples.
13. In 1935, British engineer Robert
Watson-Watt was working on a “death ray” that would destroy enemy aircraft
using radio waves. His “death ray” instead evolved into radar—or “radio
detection and ranging.”
14. Out of the 40,000 men who served on
U-boats during World War II, only 10,000 returned.
15. Survivors of both atomic bombings in
Japan are called niju hibakusha, which literally means “explosion-affected
people.”
16. Approximately 600,000 Jews served in
the United States armed forces during World War II. More than 35,000 were killed,
wounded, captured, or missing. Approximately 8,000 died in combat. However,
only two Jewish soldiers were awarded the Medal of Honor in World War II.
17. The Battle of the Bulge is the
largest and deadliest battle for U.S. troops to date, with more than 80,000
American deaths.
18. The Enola Gay became well known for
dropping the first atomic bomb on Hiroshima, but few people know the name of
the B-29 that bombed Nagasaki. It was Bock’s Car, named after the plane’s usual
commander, Frederick Bock.
19. More Russians (military and
civilians) lost their lives during the Siege of Leningrad than did American and
British soldiers combined in all of World War II.
20. The Nazis murdered approximately 12
million people, nearly 6 million of those being Jews killed in the Holocaust
(“whole burnt”).
21. The largest increase in the number
of millionaires in the past year were in India (21%), China (16%),and Singapore
(14%).
22. There were 185,000 millionaires in
Canada in 2011, up 14% from 162,000 two years previously.
23. Four of the youngest billionaires in
the world are connected to Facebook (Mark Zuckerberg, Sean Parker, Eduardo
Severin, and Dustin Moskovitz).
24. There are approximately 1,226
billionaires in the world. Women make up 8.5% of those.
25. In the year 1900, there were only
5,000 millionaires in the United States. In 2000, there were more than five
million. Before the Great Recession, there were 9.2 million households worth $1
million or more.
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